He performed in Europe for the first time in 1932 and returned in 1933, staying for over a year because of a damaged lip. ![]() The 1930s also found Armstrong achieving great popularity on radio, in films, and with his recordings. By the end of the decade, the popularity of the Hot Fives and Sevens was enough to send Armstrong back to New York, where he appeared in the popular Broadway revue, “Hot Chocolates.” He soon began touring and never really stopped until his death in 1971. Armstrong’s improvised solos transformed jazz from an ensemble-based music into a soloist’s art, while his expressive vocals incorporated innovative bursts of scat singing and an underlying swing feel. The records by Louis Armstrong and His Five–and later, Hot Seven–are the most influential in jazz. A year in New York with Fletcher Henderson and His Orchestra proved unsatisfying so Armstrong returned to Chicago in 1925 and began making records under his own name for the first time. In 1924, Armstrong married Hardin, who urged Armstrong to leave Oliver and try to make it on his own. By that point, Armstrong began dating the pianist in the band, Lillian Hardin. Armstrong and Oliver became the talk of the town with their intricate two-cornet breaks and started making records together in 1923. In 1922, King Oliver sent for Armstrong to join his band in Chicago. Mentored by the city’s top cornetist, Joe “King” Oliver, Armstrong soon became one of the most in-demand cornetists in town, eventually working steadily on Mississippi riverboats. Released from the Waif’s Home in 1914, Armstrong set his sights on becoming a professional musician. There, under the tutelage of Peter Davis, he learned how to properly play the cornet, eventually becoming the leader of the Waif’s Home Brass Band. On New Year’s Eve 1912, he was arrested and sent to the Colored Waif’s Home for Boys. An early job working for the Jewish Karnofsky family allowed Armstrong to make enough money to purchase his first cornet. ![]() He was raised by his mother Mayann in a neighborhood so dangerous it was called “The Battlefield.” He only had a fifth-grade education, dropping out of school early to go to work. ![]() Louis Armstrong was born in New Orleans, Louisiana on August 4, 1901.
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